What is an Embedded System?
An embedded system is a computer system designed to perform a specific function inside a larger product. It combines hardware and firmware and is usually constrained by cost, memory, power, timing and reliability requirements. Examples include an automotive ECU, washing-machine controller, motor controller, medical instrument and battery-management controller. The key idea is not simply “a small computer”. An embedded system is engineered around a defined function and its interaction with the physical world.
CORE IDEA
Controller + firmware + hardware
ENGINEERING VIEW
Dedicated or strongly constrained application
WHAT TO CHECK
Real-time behavior may be required
REMEMBER
Interfaces with sensors, actuators or communication buses
Engineer’s checklist
- Controller + firmware + hardware
- Dedicated or strongly constrained application
- Real-time behavior may be required
- Interfaces with sensors, actuators or communication buses
// Level 0 practical notes
// Next iteration: register diagrams + full STM32 examples.